Spectral material mapping using hyperspectral imagery: a review of spectral matching and library search methods     

Sennaraj Vishnu  Rama Rao Nidamanuri  R. Bremananth 《国际地球制图》2013,28(2):171-190

Imaging spectroscopy is an emerging and versatile technique that finds applications in diverse fields concerned with remote identification, discrimination and mapping of materials. The large amount of spectral data produced by hyperspectral imaging necessitates the development of automated techniques that convert imagery directly into thematic maps. Spectral library search method, a method of choice for organic compound identification by the mass spectroscopy, has caught the attention of researchers as one of the appropriate methods for an efficient exploitation of high quality spectral data available from the hyperspectral imaging systems. Given the apparent increase in the number of papers appearing on the subject as well as the variety of methods proposed, it is reasonable to say that the field of automated interpretation of reflectance spectral data has passed its infancy now gaining important space in the scientific community. We present an overall view of the literature relevant to the development of library search method, the various search algorithms and systems available in the purview for developing an automated hyperspectral data analysis system for material identification.  相似文献   

Spectral identification of materials by reflectance spectral library search     

Rama Rao Nidamanuri  A.M. Ramiya 《国际地球制图》2013,28(6):609-624

Spectral library search is emerging as a viable approach for material identification and mapping by reusing spectral knowledge gained from hyperspectral remote sensing across space and time. The potential of retrieving meaningful spectral material identifications in the presence of reflectance of spectra of various material types and with various similarity metrics has been assessed in this study. Test reflectance spectra of various vegetation, minerals, soils and urban material types are identified by searching through the composite reflectance spectral library obtained by combining various institutional reflectance spectral libraries. The accuracy of material identifications under various conditions: (i) in the presence of identical, similar and dissimilar spectra; (ii) in the presence of only identical and dissimilar spectra; and (iii) in the presence of only dissimilar spectra has been assessed with several similarity metrics. Results indicate the possibility of obtaining 100% accurate material identifications by library search if the spectral library contains identical spectra. However, the presence of a large number of similar spectra, despite the presence of identical spectra, is found to increase false positives, thereby reducing the accuracy of retrievals to 82% at best. Further, the accuracy of material identifications in the presence of similar spectra is similarity metric-dependent and varied from about 52% (obtained from Binary Encoding) to 82% (obtained from Normalized Spectral Similarity Score). Overall, results support the possibility of using independent reflectance spectral libraries for material identification while calling for robust spectral similarity metrics.  相似文献   

Motion of animated streamlets appears to surpass their graphical alterations in human visual detection of vector field maxima     

Pyry Kettunen  Juha Oksanen 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(6):489-501

ABSTRACT

Animations have become a frequently utilized illustration technique on maps but changes in their graphical loading remain understudied in empirical geovisualization and cartographic research. Animated streamlets have gained attention as an illustrative animation technique and have become popular on widely viewed maps. We conducted an experiment to investigate how altering four major animation parameters of animated streamlets affects people’s reading performance of field maxima on vector fields. The study involved 73 participants who performed reaction-time tasks on pointing maxima on vector field stimuli. Reaction times and correctness of answers changed surprisingly little between visually different animations, with only a few occasional statistical significances. The results suggest that motion of animated streamlets is such a strong visual cue that altering graphical parameters makes only little difference when searching for the maxima. This leads to the conclusion that, for this kind of a task, animated streamlets on maps can be designed relatively freely in graphical terms and their style fitted to other contents of the map. In the broader visual and geovisual analytics context, the results can lead to more generally hypothesizing that graphical loading of animations with continuous motion flux could be altered without severely affecting their communicative power.  相似文献   

基于地磁参数和子午线收敛角计算的井斜方位角校正方法          下载免费PDF全文

林彦兵  闫吉曾 《探矿工程》2012,39(12):11-14

井斜方位角的校正对于定向井轨迹控制、中靶分析有非常重要的意义。通过分析大地坐标与高斯克吕格投影坐标之间的关系,根据地磁场球谐函数模型,地磁参数和子午线收敛角的计算模型,提出了实现方式和求解步骤,并编制了相应的计算软件。通过实例计算与分析,表明地磁参数和子午线收敛角的准确计算对于定向井轨迹控制的重要性。  相似文献   

河南省许昌县灵井铁矿床地质特征及深部找矿前景分析     

王文娟  陈雷  张云政  吴邦友  李振华  郑松森 《地质与勘探》2012,48(5):915-921

河南许昌县灵井铁矿床是近几年来在许昌铁成矿区发现的又一个大型铁矿床,属火山一沉积变质型。矿体赋存于登封群武庄岩组二段,矿体主要呈似层状,受太古界登封群武庄岩组控制,矿体与围岩产状一致,受矿区古断隆构造控制,其形态呈北西向带状展布。笔者在研究前人成果的基础上,通过对该区高磁异常特征和矿床地质特征的综合分析,认为该区深部找矿前景较好,矿体沿倾向向深部仍有较大的延伸空间,经进一步深部勘查,可以大幅度提高矿床资源储量。  相似文献   

康滇地轴花岗岩类铀钍丰度特征及找铀前景初析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈友良 《四川地质学报》1995,(2)

本文应用γ能谱资料，系统阐述了康滇地轴花岗岩类的铀钍丰度特征，总结了康滇地轴现有花岗岩型铀矿化的基本特点。在与华南产铀花岗岩类特征对比的基础上，对康滇地轴花岗岩类的找铀前景作了初步的分析探讨。  相似文献   

地名分词搜索的词典设计与匹配方法研究     

李艳红  庞小平  李海亭 《测绘信息与工程》2011,36(2):52-54

阐述了专门用于分词搜索的关键词词典设计,提出了采用逆向最大匹配和权重匹配相结合的方法,实现了更加准确、高效的地名搜索。  相似文献   

深度优先搜索的地图着色算法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

乔永利  王建强  胥海滨 《测绘科学》2011,36(5):175-176

在分析地图着色本质以及深度优先搜索算法优缺点基础上,本文提出一种基于深度优先搜索的地图着色方法,并以全国地图和全国县级行政区划图对本文算法进行了实验验证,取得了较好的着色结果.  相似文献   

电子海图最短距离航线自动生成的改进方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹鸿博  张立华  贾帅东  张莉 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,36(9):1107-1110

针对航路二叉树方法绕行碍航区处理不完备、效率低等缺点,提出了最短距离航线自动生成的改进方法。通过复杂碍航区路径的递归搜索和碍航区绕行规则的优化,实现了复杂情形下的航线自动生成;利用方向一致性判断、边界检测和动态包络矩形排斥等策略优化航线生成,并采用递归处理和动态判断的方式求解最短距离航线。此方法与已有的航路二叉树方法相比,在自动生成航线的质量和效率上都有明显提高。  相似文献   

SUPERMAP在矿产资源管理领域的应用研究     

孙义厚  吴军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,(6):186-188

SUPERMAP在矿产管理中的应用体现在资源管理、工程地质、矿产规划与设计以及矿产管理等方面。可以对矿产资源与环境信息进行采集、存储、处理,建立矿区数据库及软件系统,实现对信息的查询检索、综合分析、动态预测和评价、信息输出等功能,从而为矿区环境工程和矿产资源开发管理进行规划、判断和决策提供科学依据。  相似文献